w, ,_,,…- ‘ t ., Tl . 1 1 -:-w up w mw-v-vv elated system or llnear equations by “19 baussooroan
dunes. and quar PIS. . rue are 30 corns, and there are elimination method?
five “mes as many dunes as quarters. How many quarters
(1005 Joe haxe. 33. Why should the numbers in a Single column of an input-
(a) 4 (b) 5 (C) 6 (d) 7 (e) 8 output matrix have a sum that is less than 1? ” 7 if}?
CHAPTER 2 Population Dynamics
PROJECT In 1991, the US Fish and Wildlife Service proposed logging restrictions on nearly
12 million acres of Pacific Northwest forest to help save the endangered northern spot-
ted owl. This decision caused considerable controversy between the logging industry
and environmentalists.
Mathematical ecologists created a mathematical model to analyze the population
dynamics of the spotted owl.1 They divided the female owl population into three
categories: juvenile (up to 1 year old), subadult (1 to 2 years old), and adult (over
2 years old). Suppose that in a certain region there are currently 2950 female spotted
owls made up of 650 juveniles, 200 subadults, and 2100 adults. The ecologists used
matrices to project the changes in the population from year to year. The original
numbers can be displayed in the column matrix
650
Xo = 200
2100 0
1 Lamberson, R. H., R. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, and C. Voss, “A Dynamic Analysis of Northern Spotted
Owl Viability in a Fragmented Forest Landscape,” Conservation Biology, Vol. 6, No. 4, December 1992;
505~512.
